Elder Abuse Relevance and Applicability of Health Promotion

Question: Write a description on Elder Abuse. Answer: Introduction This assignment aims to explore and critique the relevance and applicability of health promotion strategies to a health issue. The chosen health issue is Elder Abuse. Elder Abuse refers to any form of ill-treatment or cruelty that result in loss or harm to the aged individuals. It may take place as a result of negligence or ignorance or it may be intentional. Elder abuse is normally carried out by the members of the family, particularly by adult children because the older people are dependent on them for care and accommodation. It is also a violation of human rights and is an important cause of illness, injury, despair, isolation and loss of productivity. This assignment will also describe the health issues in detail and will utilize theories and frameworks in health promotion to provide a critical analysis of a chosen strategy to address the issue of health. In the end, a brief summary in the form of conclusion will be provided for the reader to learn in terms of addressing the heal th issue. Elder Abuse- Description This abuse may possibly be physical, mental, or it may engage financial or other substance abuse. Despite of the type of abuse, it unquestionably results in avoidable distress, harm or pain, decreased quality of life along with the violation of human rights, for the older individuals. Whether the behavior is called rude, negligent or abusive possibly depends on how often the ill-treatment takes place, its extent, harshness and consequences, and in particular, the cultural perspective (Bennett and Kingston 2013). Such abuses are commonly divided into the following types: Physical abuse involves pain or harm, physical oppression, or drug induced command. Emotional or psychological abuse- Leads to mental suffering. Material or Financial abuse- The illegal exploitation or utilization of resources of the older person. Sexual abuse Any kind of non-consensual intimate relationship with the older person. Neglect The denial or disappointment to accomplish a care giving compulsion. This may or may not engage a cognizant and deliberate effort to impose physical or mental suffering on the elderly person (Pillemer et al. 2016). Early researchers in this field involved individual behavior conflicts as underlying agents of violence in the family in support of cultural and societal factors. In recent times, however, research on violence in the family has revealed that abusers who are physically violent are more probable to have behavior disorders along with the problems related with alcohol in comparison to the common population. Likewise, studies limited to aggression in opposition to the older people in family settings have discovered that aggressors are more expected to possess the problems of mental health and substance abuse as compared to the caregivers or family members who are not aggressive or otherwise rude (Sadana et al. 2016). Chosen Strategy By using the Ottawa charter which was the first International Conference on Health Promotion, a meeting in Ottawa on 21stNovember 1986. It presented this CHARTER for action to attain Health for every one by the year 2000 and further. This symposium was mainly a response to increasing prospects for a new movement of public health around the globe. Its discussions stressed on the requirements in developed countries, and also took into consideration similar concerns in all the additional regions. It constructed on the advancement that was made through the Declaration on Primary Health Care at Alma Ata, the World Health Organization's Targets for Health (Fry and Zask 2016). Health Promotion Health promotion involves the process of facilitating individuals to enhance control, as well as to develop, their physical condition and wellbeing. To attain a status of absolute mental, physical along with societal welfare, a person or a group ought to be capable to recognize and to understand objectives, to gratify the requirements, and to alter or deal with the surroundings. Therefore health is perceived, as a source for existence, not the purpose of livelihood. It is a constructive perception emphasizing societal as well as individual resources, in addition to physical abilities. Consequently, promotion of health is not only the accountability of the health sector, but is also concerned with the healthy existence and welfare (Nies and McEwen 2014). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the occurrence of elder abuse varied extensively from 1% to 35%, depending on the definitions, settings, research methods and populations (Sadana et al. 2016). Current national approximations reveal that at least 1 in 10 older persons suffer from some type of elder abuse, and several in recurring forms (Bennett and Kingston 2013). Simultaneously, only a minute small part of elder abuse is reported to the Adult Protective Services (APS). A study by The National Elder Mistreatment with a representative sample of 5,000 adults aged 65 years and above, reports that around more than 15% of elderly adults dwelling in different communities experienced mistreatment or potential disregard in the precedent year (Naaldenberg et al. 2012). The self-neglect of elderly is repeatedly considered as a separate thing as contrasting to elder abuse committed by others. The data of APS proposes that self-neglect is on the rise and is more widespread in com parison to all of the other types of elder abuse combined. Current studies comprising a large population point towards the frequency of elder self-neglect is about 10%, even though the degree of overlap amid self-neglect and other types of elder abuse is indistinct (Pillemer et al. 2016). However, no population-based epidemiological study has methodically scrutinized the occurrence of elder self-neglect or the latent alteration in self-neglecting behaviors eventually (Dong 2014). Several nurses observe the theory of health promotion as something which they indistinctly remember from academia and exceptionally a small number of them would claim to utilize the theory of health promotion in practice (Kelley et al. 2013). The good news is we dont need to keep in mind the whole theory to utilize the theory. There are several widespread essentials in the theories of health promotion that can be included in everyday practice. There are five ways to utilize the health promotion theory with the patients (Beard et al. 2016). Promote the advantages of alteration and not just the advantages of health The individuals have a tendency to focus on altering behavior being good however frequently the patients come across difficulty to enumerate benefits of health that are twenty years or more down the line. Advantages are acknowledged in a number of theoretical models and substantial advantages can consist of saving wealth, losing weight or making new friends. Utilization of the resources to assist the individuals promote the temporary benefits is another advantage, for instance the websites that are concerned with the calculation of money the individuals can save by quitting the habit of smoking (Merriman-Nai and Stein 2014). Promote behavioral control of the patient A characteristic of a number of models of health promotion is the role of behavioral control or self-efficiency. This is the perception of the patient regarding their individual ability to be capable of accomplishing something. The patients having low self-efficiency are less probable to transform. They need to be optimistic with the patients and motivate them so that they can accomplish their goal. They need to focus on small objectives such as swapping rather than stopping. (Dong et al. 2014). Recognize obstacles to change Several theoretical models recognize that barriers bring to halt several efforts of behavior change. The patients should be asked what they consider would stop them attaining a behavior, For instance quitting the habit of smoking along with how they prepare to prevail over this barrier. For instance barriers to quitting the habit of smoking comprise of pressure from acquaintances, practice and desires. (Maville and Huerta 2012). Identify the wider surroundings The surrounding is an essential aspect of behavior alteration. Security, interchange along with aesthetics could discourage aloofness, unfamiliarity and humiliation. For instance, if we want to motivate a patient to work out more then we need the capability to guide them to sociable, secure spaces (Baer et al. 2016). Modify information to the patient For instance, if we work with kids, we perhaps converse health information by utilizing uncomplicated words or representations. The similar tailoring philosophy should also pertain to other patients; such as presenting information in a diverse language or huge print. Identify those patients that are at dissimilar stages of alteration. For instance does the patient possess all the information they require? Are they extremely conversant? Have they attempted to alter earlier? What is preventing them from altering? Being a superior sign poster could assist us to modify information. If in case, the patients want support to alter a behavior, a number of them would have a preference for a website and others may just desire to do it individually. The patients should be asked regarding their preference as well as suggestions accordingly. Strategies of Health Promotion and Abuse Prevention for the Elderly people An inclusive strategy to prevent elderly abuse may possibly be dealt with in the framework of public health from a perspective of population health by addressing health determinants. This could take the structure of encouraging accommodation, societal support as well as health support for older people in their homes (Dong 2014). The programs of community can support the older people and encourage healthy aging in the population. The service by the providers of the Community is an outstanding resource for avoiding elder mistreatment. The nurses in Home care or care providers may possibly recognize signs of mistreatment that may otherwise go unobserved. A home care plan included into Medicare can prevent a steady approach where perceptions and terminology differ (Kelley et al. 2013). The tools of elder abuse prevention can be developed from a widespread outline, offering enhanced incorporation of interventions and services for the victims of mistreatment, regardless of what their circumstances were/are. Registered nurses are in outstanding positions to collaborate with government, stakeholders of health as well as society and lead successfully in such a strategy. In the course of their specific learning and knowledge, as well as time spent with the patients along with families across the range of care as well as across the lifetime, they observe exceptionally authentic revelations of the effects of disregard as well as abuse (Perna et al. 2012). The federal government should develop an inclusive strategy of health promotion along with abuse prevention for the older people. This should comprise of targeted programs that are intended in the services of public health, caring accommodation as well as tax credits for older people. This should comprise a rapid focus on the populations that are exaggerated by circumstances that create susceptibility (Jordanova Peshevska et al. 2014). Conclusion In the end, it can be concluded that the problem of elderly abuse cannot be appropriately solved if the important requirements of the elderly people such as for food, accommodation, access to health as well as safety are not met. The populations of the globe ought to construct surroundings in which elderly individuals and their state of mind is accepted as a normal component of the cycle of life. The attitudes of anti-ageing are down casted, where elderly individuals are given the right to survive with self-respect, free of abuse and mistreatment. They should be provided with the opportunities to involve themselves completely in educational, religious, economic and cultural activities. The present generations need as well as expect guidance and investments to make sure a full understanding of the situation. They need to recognize important policies along with programmatic practices, to progress established initiatives and to supervise their performances. Consequently, promotion of health is not only the accountability of the health sector, but is also concerned with the healthy existence and welfare The federal government possesses an opportunity to make efforts with regional and territorial equivalents along with the health professionals, such as registered nurses as well as nurse practitioners, with the intention to recover the health as well as well-being of the elderly people. These recommendations correspond to an important step in the direction of a secure and vigorous future where self-respect and admiration for the elders is a right, not an extravagance. References Baer, B., Bhushan, A., Taleb, H.A., Vasquez, J. and Thomas, R., 2016. The right to health of older people.The Gerontologist,56(Suppl 2), pp.S206-S217. Beard, J.R., Officer, A.M. and Cassels, A.K., 2016. The World Report on Ageing and Health.The Gerontologist,56(Suppl 2), pp.S163-S166. Bennett, G. and Kingston, P.W., 2013.Elder abuse: Concepts, theories and interventions. Springer. Dong, X., 2014. Elder abuse: Research, practice, and health policy. The 2012 GSA Maxwell Pollack award lecture.The Gerontologist,54(2), pp.153-162. Dong, X., Chang, E.S., Wong, E., Wong, B. and Simon, M.A., 2014. 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